Racial Conservatism, Race, Ethnicity, And National Origin

Following the Second World War, the United States experienced a period of activism for the sake of providing basic human rights to whites and people of color alike until the early 1970s. This period was recognized as the Second Reconstruction, which primarily paved the way to end discrimination against African Americans and give them the freedom and equal rights whites had become entitled to as the country’s citizens. Due to the growing tension and unrest triggered by the segregation of people of color from white establishments, blacks and other minorities were cornered into a state where they had little choice but to seek ways to improve the treatment they receive. Daniel Martinez HoSang defined racial liberalism as the idea that the government would play an active role in ensuring the end of racial discrimination because it defied the â€Å"American Dream† of disregarding â€Å"religion, race, ethnicity, and national origin† when discussing the people’s rights (13). 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The Cooperative Group Example For Free - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 20 Words: 5919 Downloads: 9 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Business Essay Did you like this example? Essay Question: Describe the ethical concerns facing the communities in which the Cooperative Group operates This essay examines the ethical concerns which are foremost in the communities in which the Cooperative Group operates. The discussion argues that most important among these ethical concerns are the dual problems of global ethical dilemmas, led by the issues of fair trade and climate change, but also a keen interest in supporting local communities and local suppliers. The latter has become increasingly important in light of the financial crisis as it often a key factor in how local communities fare. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "The Cooperative Group Example For Free" essay for you Create order The discussion begins with a critical analysis of how these ethical concerns affect local communities before reflecting briefly on how the Cooperative can be seen to assisting with such problems. The Cooperative Group operates throughout the entirety of the UK. It can therefore be said that broadly speaking, the ethical considerations which effect the communities in which the Group operates are the ethical considerations which are currently foremost among the UK population as a whole. As outlined in the introduction, these issues can broadly by summarised as a concern about the environment and concerns about global poverty, international development and the role of trade in dealing with such problems. The UK voluntary sector is one of the best supported in Europe and has an annual turnover into the tens of billions (Harris 2001). Whilst this is not explicitly relevant to the role of the Cooperative Group it nonetheless illustrates the general spirit of the British nation and the importance which they attach to ethical considerations in life. These ethical concerns are important ones for the Cooperative Group to consider as much has been made recently of the role of consumer choice in shaping the nature of the worlds problems (Klein 2010 p.242). There is therefore a strong connection between the ethical considerations of such communities and the role of the Cooperative Group. We must therefore acknowledge that one of the biggest concerns which many people feel in relation to the issue of climate change and global poverty has been the sense of how best they can help with the problem on an individual level. In an age when many people have lost faith in traditional political routes to problem solving or addressing ethical concerns, there is more and more emphasis placed on the importance of consumer choice. Writers such as Klein (2010), Tomlinson (1999) and Giddens (2002) have all been involved in arguing that perhaps one of the most important ways in which people can change the world in which they live is through supporting movements such as the Fair Trade movement, through taking an interest in the carbon footprint of their shopping and in generally being a much more politically aware consumer. Such arguments argue that consumer choice can effectively be used as a less dramatic form of economic sanction to place diplomatic pressure on certain areas to either reform their political practice, or to operate in a more considered manner. This point is made particularly strongly by Garton Ash who argues that, with so much choice over which charity to support and what particular manner in which to attempt to influence events, many people feel overwhelmed. Evidence put forward by the Guardian Sustainable Business report suggests that many consumers do believe that there choice of products makes a difference to such issues and that the majority of consumers are influenced by such factors . There is therefore a strong preceden t for supermarkets and organisations such as the Cooperative Group to develop practical alternatives for such people and furthermore to inform their customers of the ethical issues which surround their consumer choices. However, perhaps one of the most important ethical issues which faces such groups in the current economic climate is the issue of local employment and local livelihoods. Like many ethical considerations this issue ties in neatly with many of the other concerns which we have previously discussed. Throughout the post war period there has been a growth in the power of markets internationally to the point where the vast majority of the UKs manufacturing industry and a large part of British domestic agriculture has been superseded by cheap foreign imports, be it manufactured goods from China or fruit and vegetables which are grown in warmer climes and shipped to the UK either on boats or planes. Such trends create a dual problem of increasing carbon emissions but also threatening local livelihoods, particularly in the more rural areas which the Cooperative Group operates in such as parts of Yorkshire and the Lake District. A significant ethical issue in this context is therefore the level of support which major shops such as the Cooperative Group give to local industries and producers. This issue has been highlighted by a significant number of globalisation theorists such as Dunkley, as well as more mainstream writers such as Stiglitz and Klein. Such ideas represent a significant concern for much of the world as the free market system has created more problems than it has solved for a great number of people. Strong evidence suggests that such trends are being felt at the supermarket checkout and in the local shop. In 2010 Bevin reported that in response to a survey carried out for the Guardian the majority of the 766 respondents indicated strong concern about carbon emissions, pollution, and resource depletion. A majority of respon dents also stated that the level of transportation was a key factor for them. They were therefore much more likely to purchase a product which had been locally sourced. It is also worthy of note that the Guardian report also found that the purchase of groceries came second only to transportation in the full ethical consideration of household expenditure. Areas such as utility bills or clothing were not considered to be as important ethically as were groceries. When all of the evidence is collated there is a strong precedent set for the centrality of environmental and wider global ethical considerations in consumer choice. The evidence put forward by the Guardian report provides recent and solid support for the idea that an increasing number of consumers see themselves as key actors within the global economy and global society. It is increasingly the case that works by Stiglitz on globalisation, Klein on marketing and Dunkley on free market capitalism are becoming mainstream texts with a growing number of people understanding and forming judgements on some of the wider macro issues which are presented in such works. The result has been a grass roots movement away from simply buying products at the cheapest price towards buying products based on their ethical considerations. This is something which has continued through the recent financial recession with the Guardian Sustainable Business report being published in June of 2010. It is also worthy of note that the ethical stance, although slightly more of a factor at higher incomes, was largely constant across the income range. It can therefore be concluded that the major ethical considerations for those people who live in areas that the Cooperative Group would operate in are the major ethical considerations which people consider in their day to day lives. Perhaps the most important of these has been the impact of products on the environment. It is increasingly the case that people buy products b ased on the distance that they have been transported, the amount of packaging they have and the place in which they originated. However, we should not ignore the wider knock on ethical considerations which surround global warming and global climate change. The influence of poverty has been strongly felt with the fair trade movement receiving considerable support, to the point where the majority of coffee is now fair trade certified. It is clear that such issues have considerable crossover. The more locally something is grown the more chance there is that it will have less of a carbon footprint and the more chance that it will have of supporting local industries and therefore reducing global poverty overall. However, more important of all to the ethical considerations of the local people in which the Cooperative Group are considerations as to how best to reduce their carbon footprint and assist in the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions. References and Bibliography Bevins, Vincent. Guardian survey reveals shoppers green concerns. The Guardian London: The Guardian, 2010. Cooperative Group. Ethical Trading and Fairtrade. Manchester: Cooperative Group, 2010. Dunkley, Graham. Free Trade: Myths, Reality and Alternative. London: Zed Books, 2004. Garton Ash, Timothy. Giving well is hard to do. The Guardian London: The Guardian, 2005. Giddens, Antony. Runaway World: How Globalisation is Shaping Our Lives. London: Profile Books, 2002. Guardian, The. Consumer attitudes and perceptions on sustainability. The Guardian Sustainable Business (2010): Harris, Margaret. and Rochester, Colin. Voluntary organisations and social policy in Britain: perspectives on change and choice. London: Palgrave Macmillan, 2001. Klein, Naomi. No Logo. London: Fourth Estate, 2010. Stiglitz, Joseph. Globalisation and its Discontents. London: Penguin, 2002. Stiglitz, Joseph. Making Globalisation Work. London: Penguin, 2007. Tomlinson, John. Globalis ation and Culture. Cambridge: Blackwell, 1999. An assessment of the social implications of business ethics for the Cooperative Group This discussion examines the social implications of business ethics within the Cooperative Group. It focuses on both the Cooperative Group bank, but also the Cooperative Group grocery stores in order to argue that the social implications of the Cooperative business ethics model are particularly positive. The discussion focuses predominantly on the social implications of the Groups policies on the eradication of global poverty as it is this subject area which creates a particularly useful crossover between the Bank and the Grocery side of the Group. The discussion begins with a look at the banks and how the Groups bank is different to mainstream banks. It then moves on to reflect on the Cooperative grocery stores before bringing the two strands together in a wider analysis. The Cooperative Bank is an institution which pledges very strongly its ethical commitment to fair finance. In an age in which issues such as globalisation are having more and more of an effect on the way people live their lives, it is no longer possible to ignore global poverty and global climate change. However, the majority of Western commercial banks have grossly compounded many of the problems by attempting to make short term profits from developing nations. Many such banks should be seen as significantly responsible for the major debt crisis which hit Sub Saharan Africa in the 1980s and they should be held to account as being motivated purely by greed. Such institutions lent money at extortionate rates to nations which they were well aware were unable to repay such loans as they thought that they would ultimately be bailed out by huge IMF loans and therefore still make a profit . Such behaviour was also the hallmark of the banks which created the most recent financial crisis in the developed world. Investment banks which were being operated essentially as casinos in which gambles were rewarded and losses were covered have had dire social implications for the majority of the Western world. One of the biggest problems now facing the UK economy in particular is how it is going to be possible to get credit to small businesses in order to stimulate growth whilst at the same time making public sector cuts which will amount to half a million redundancies. Major banks have more or less refused to lend to small businesses and households and therefore many people are beginning to turn to more ethical alternatives led by the Cooperative Group bank, but also other institutions such as the Triodos bank. The Cooperative Bank is committed to funding small businesses which it sees as being solidly enough set up to succeed and yet it is also committed to supporting projects in developing nations which have been properly set up and costed. In these two moves it has immediately made itself significantly more ethical than the vast majority of its competitors and has also had a significantly beneficial social impact. The availability of credit at reasonable ra tes is perhaps one of the most important single moves which a bank could have made in order to attempt to improve the situation in the UK and the wider Western world. However at the same time the bank has retained its commitment to developing real solutions for global poverty. Stiglitz has argued strongly that we should never underestimate the power of ethical banking to create and empower in the world. Well placed and secured investments can reap considerable social rewards. The bank itself sums this approach up when it says that it is committed to making an impact by creating social, economic and environmental change If we then move on to examine the role of the Cooperative Group grocery store we can see that the social implications of the ethical approach which the Group has taken has been positive. The lead which the Group took on the issue of Fair Trade has benefited a significant number of farmers and by extension their families in some of the most deprived regions of the planet. Further to this it must be acknowledged that the wider impact of such policies can have on stimulating economies through the knock on effects which capital can have. Keynes highlighted the multiplier effect by which one business opening can lead to other businesses opening as they seek to provide services for aspects of the original business, be it sandwiches for the workers, parts for machinery, or any number of other services. Where there is a steady supply of capital through fair trade this can then be used to create reliable and consistent growth. The social implications of this policy should therefore be highly commended. Within the broader sphere of the fight against global poverty we can therefore see that the Cooperative Group and its ethical policies are having an important beneficial effect. The vast majority of development writers who debate key issues within the subject frequently tend to agree that the central problems of development is creating su stained economic growth. This point is made by Stiglitz, Collier and Dunkley. Whilst it is important to note that there are other important factors in this problem, the United Nations Human Development Index (a statistical index based on a number of development factors such as life expectancy, GDP per capita, deaths from preventable disease and literacy rates) strongly correlates with the GDP per capita index . Therefore, where it is possible to create sustained economic growth it is possible to lift people out of poverty and empower them to develop their own solutions to their problems. Within this more developed context it can therefore be argued that the social implications of the Cooperative Groups policies are hugely socially beneficial. The importance of the initial loans which the Bank offers to setting up projects such as schools or roads or water infrastructures are crucial to the steady development of these areas. However, perhaps even more important than this is the guarantee of a good and fair price for commodities which have previously been at the mercy of the international markets. Commodities such as coffee have suffered notorious drops in prices, particularly during the 1980s and early 1990s. This meant that often what had started out as a promising spell of growth developed into a slump and further poverty. The importance of a steady market at a fair price cannot be underestimated. The social implications of this are huge. It can therefore be argued that the social implications of the ethical approach taken by the Cooperative Group are hugely important. Without such ethical considerations it would not be possible for developing world farmers to sell their commodities at a price which guaranteed them a profit and instead they would be left to the mercy of international markets and buyers who are particularly ruthless. The simple commitment to pay a fair price for good quality commodities sows the seeds of economic growth in ma ny of these regions and provides a stability which was previously not there and the social impact of which cannot be underestimated. In a similar manner the ethical commitments of the Cooperative Group bank should be seen as being a key part of this process. We have seen from our basic analysis of development literature how the majority of current development theorists believe that finance is a vital part of the move away from poverty, but only where it is used responsibly and without an immediate desire for profits. The Cooperative Banks commitment to these principles means that they are likely to be one of the most important institutions in helping the developing world move away from poverty. We can therefore conclude that the ethical considerations and principles of the Cooperative Banks provide vital financial support for key projects which have enormous social benefit. The provision of clean water, infrastructure projects and key buildings cannot be undertaken without r esponsible financial support. In addition to this the commitment of the Cooperative Group to pay a fair price for major developing world exports sows the seeds of stable growth and means that such areas are able to begin building and planning for the future where they were previously unable to think beyond the next week. References/Bibliography Bevins, Vincent. Guardian survey reveals shoppers green concerns. The Guardian London: The Guardian, 2010. Collier, Paul. The Bottom Billion. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2008. Cooperative Group. Ethical Trading and Fairtrade. Manchester: Cooperative Group, 2010. Dunkley, Graham. Free Trade: Myths, Reality and Alternative. London: Zed Books, 2004. Garton Ash, Timothy. Giving well is hard to do. The Guardian London: The Guardian, 2005. Giddens, Antony. Runaway World: How Globalisation is Shaping Our Lives. London: Profile Books, 2002. Guardian, The. Consumer attitudes and perceptions on sustainability. The Guardian Sustainable Business (2010): Klein, Naomi. No Logo. London: Fourth Estate, 2010. Stiglitz, Joseph. Globalisation and its Discontents. London: Penguin, 2002. Stiglitz, Joseph. Making Globalisation Work. London: Penguin, 2007. United Nations. Human Development Report 2009. New York: United Nations, 2009. An Assessment of the ethical concerns facing the communities in which the Cooperative Group operates and measures that could be taken to improve corporate responsibility This discussion brings together the two strands of domestic ethical concerns and the wider ability of the Cooperative Group to respond to corporate social responsibility issues. The discussion begins with an outline of the major ethical concerns facing the communities in which the Group operates. This takes in both the communities in which the Group predominantly sells its products, but also on some of the areas in which the group sources its products. The major ethical policies of the organisation are then questioned in order to determine areas in which the Group could improve. Central to these criticisms are the failure of the Group to develop a coherent ethical policy in the manner of other retailers such as SUMA. The major areas in which the Cooperative Group operates are predominantly the UK but to an extent worldwide. It is certainly true that the majority of the Groups business comes from within the UK with all of the Grocery outlets being in the UK. Therefore the ma jor ethical concerns of the Groups customers are likely to come from these areas. The majority of evidence suggests that the major ethical concerns of the UK population as a whole are the best ways to deal with global climate change, but also other problems such as global poverty and the problems which surround this. A recent report commissioned for the Guardian concluded that the vast majority of UK consumers are now heavily concerned about the impact that their day to day shopping and choices has on these issues. The notion of green marketing and the green consumer are two things which have gained considerable currency in recent years and have made consumers feel much more responsible but also empowered as to how they go about their business. It can therefore be argued that the central ethical concern of the Coops customers relates to how best to reduce their own personal carbon footprint. They see the selection of products which they buy as a way of reducing such problem s and ultimately aiding in the fight against global warming. However, if we look at the major areas in which the Cooperative Group sources its products we can see a slightly different story. The major area which is worth examining in relation to ethical considerations has been the region of Sub Saharan Africa and the impact of the Cooperative Groups policies on commodities such as tea and coffee, as well as chocolate. The primary ethical concern in this area is the reduction of global poverty. This concern focuses on developing solutions which enable people to work their own way out of poverty through sustainable farming solutions and the development of markets within these areas. Central to this problem has been the issue of fair trade and the ability of farmers to gain a fair price for their commodities. Previously to the fair trade movement it was often the case that farmers would end up selling their products at a significant loss as a result of a huge world market and a collapse in global demand due to a financial recession in one area (for example in the late 1980s and early 1990s) . This problem led to significant calls for a commitment to pay a price which would guarantee a profit to those farmers who produced the aforementioned commodities. We can therefore see that between these two areas of operations the Cooperative Group has two major ethical concerns, both of which are duly highlighted by the organisation itself. These are firstly the commitment to reduce the carbon footprint of the business, through sourcing more locally grown foods, reducing the levels of packaging which are used and also reducing the amount of transportation which is required to distribute products through greater logistical support. Secondly is the issue of assisting in the reduction of global poverty through a variety of policies from both the Cooperative Bank but also the Cooperative Grocery aspect of the business. In terms of analysing the success of t he Corporate Social Responsibility of the Cooperative Group one has to conclude that the organisation is one of the best performing of all businesses in the world today. Its commitment to the two issues outlined above should be taken seriously and is proved by real action and it has a reputation as a more open and approachable organisation responding to local customers needs in a much more approachable way than many of its competitors. However, one of the major criticisms of the group which has been highlighted previously is the slight inconsistencies which arise particularly among the Grocery division of the business. These inconsistencies mean that the group which has a very commendable commitment to ethical issues such as the fair trade movement, can also be seen to be selling products which directly contravene these principles. The fact that such products are sold by the Cooperative Group means that such products are being profited from by the Group itself and that ther e is therefore a strong argument to suggest that the Group is itself contributing to the inequality which such principles create. If the group were to improve its service to its communities even further then it would be important for it to develop a strategy which was much more water tight and which served as a much more cohesive and inclusive model. Whilst such a model would no doubt have logistical and technical problems it is important to note that there are companies and businesses which have been set up and run on very similar lines. One notable example is the food wholesaler SUMA, based in Leeds, West Yorkshire. This wholesaler is able to source a significant number of its own products directly but also works with other suppliers to develop a catalogue of supplies which it is able to provide to customers. This process involves significant research into the origins of certain products and a constant commitment to maintaining the high standards which are set but it is s omething which can be achieved. If the Cooperative Group were to seek to develop its own Corporate Social Responsibility policies even further then the SUMA model would be a particularly useful model to examine. It is also worthy of note that SUMA itself supplies several of the Cooperative Grocery Stores, in particular in the areas around Leeds where local demand for such products is high. It is therefore possible to say that the ethical issues which are felt by the majority of the Cooperative Groups customers centre on two major areas of interest. Firstly there is the area of global climate change and how consumers and people can reduce their carbon footprint as part of their everyday lives. Secondly there is the issue of how best to attempt to tackle climate change. As we have seen these two issues frequently overlap and in many ways can be strongly linked. However, we must also acknowledge that there are few groups better equipped than the Cooperative Group at developing strong policies in these areas. The diversity of the Group means that it is able to respond to crises in a much broader way than many of its competitors are able to. For example, on the issue of tackling global poverty, the Group is able to provide Fair Trade agreements with farmers for the supply of certain products, but is also able to use the Cooperative Bank to help develop key infrastructures and services within such areas. This dual pronged approach make the Corporate Social Responsibility Programmes of the Cooperative Group particularly impressive. However, if the Group were to seek to develop these valuable points further then there is considerable room for growth in the central principles of product choice which the Group makes. A more developed and ethically accountable set of principles here (in the manner of SUMA) would make the organisation significantly ethically stronger and would have massive social benefits for the areas of operation of the business. We ca n therefore conclude that the Cooperative faces the two major ethical considerations of climate change and global poverty. Its commitment to combating these issues is noteworthy and certainly deserving of praise. However, with a more calculated and ethically sound approach the Group could perform even better in this very important area. References/Bibliography Bevins, Vincent. Guardian survey reveals shoppers green concerns. The Guardian London: The Guardian, 2010. Collier, Paul. The Bottom Billion. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2008. Cooperative Group. Ethical Trading and Fairtrade. Manchester: Cooperative Group, 2010. Dunkley, Graham. Free Trade: Myths, Reality and Alternative. London: Zed Books, 2004. Garton Ash, Timothy. Giving well is hard to do. The Guardian London: The Guardian, 2005. Giddens, Antony. Runaway World: How Globalisation is Shaping Our Lives. London: Profile Books, 2002. Guardian, The. Consumer attitudes and perceptions on sustainability. The Guardian Sustainable Business (2010): Klein, Naomi. No Logo. London: Fourth Estate, 2010. Stiglitz, Joseph. Globalisation and its Discontents. London: Penguin, 2002. Stiglitz, Joseph. Making Globalisation Work. London: Penguin, 2007. SUMA. SUMA nominated again!. Leeds: SUMA, 2010. An assessment of how the Cooperative Group could improve its operations ethically This discussion examines the manner in which the Cooperative Group could improve its operations ethically. It begins by commending the Group on its stance on ethical issues such as Fair Trade, with all of the Cooperative Groups own brand coffee and chocolate now being exclusively Fair Trade certified. It does however argue that there is a certain double standard in the way in which the shops will frequently sell other brand products which do not meet such requirements. The central argument is that, if the Cooperative Group is to develop its ethical stance further, it would need to create a set of absolute principles or standards by which it would judge all of its stock, in a similar way to food wholesalers such as SUMA. The discussion argues that, whilst such a view may be seen as slightly extreme or impractical by some people it is nonetheless the major direction down which the Group should aim to go. It is worth noting that some of the evidence discussed here relating to sp ecific in store advertising is primary evidence taken from local Cooperative outlets and should be treated as such. Where possible this is highlighted. The Cooperative Group deserves strong praise for its stance on key ethical issues such as fair trade, global climate change and global poverty. Its decision to develop all of its chocolate and coffee products from Sub Saharan Africa and South America into fair trade products was a decision which they took ahead of all of their major competitors and one which has been followed for the most part. A brief glance at the Cooperative Group website reveals a relatively prominent section entitled ethics in action in which the Group outline their major commitments to develop schemes in local areas such as walk to school schemes to assist the environment and community cohesion, but also their wider ethical commitment to reduce poverty through low interest finance, fair trade products and overseas projects. It is therefore worth making absolutely clear how commendable such actions are and how much they should be applauded by the Groups customers. However, it is also possible to identify certain ethical anomalies within the Group. The aforementioned commitment to own brand Fair Trade Coffee and Chocolates often sits next to a promotion for Galaxy chocolate or Nescafe Coffee neither of which have any ethical merits. It is also frequently the case that such products are advertised in store, perhaps largely as a result of promotional offers such as Buy One Get One Free but also through other contracted out advertising space which is operated by a third party advertising agency. There is therefore an ethical double standard here, whereby the Group will publicly commit itself to its own ethical standards but will then continue to profit from other products which clearly fail to meet such standards. Not only this but such products are often advertised in store in order to generate further profit. The Group is t herefore promoting one image on the one hand, and carrying out an entirely different act with the other. It can therefore be argued strongly that, were the Group to be taken seriously and present a water tight and uniform ethical case, it would have to develop its own benchmark of ethical standards by which it would judge all of its products. These would not need to be hugely ground breaking, certainly not in the first instance, but could be based on the ethical standards by which the Group develops its own products. If products meet such standards, for example Cadburys chocolate has been certified fair trade in recent years then they can be sold and the consumers can then make their choice according to other criteria such as taste, price or their own personal preference. However, were products not to meet such standards then they would no longer be sold by the Group in order to prevent the Group itself but also other manufacturers from profiting from a products which is un ethically sourced and unethically produced. If we look at the evidence for consumer ethical considerations as put forward by the Guardian report on consumer views on sustainability and wider ethical considerations then we can see that there is a strong consumer base which would support the ideas. The vast majority of the consumers in the survey of close to 800 participants intimated that the most important factors which they considered when buying a product was the environmental impact and the wider ethical impact . It would therefore be possible to argue strongly that, were the Group to carry out such a move it would be widely supported by a significant number of consumers and may even result in a greater consumer support for the Cooperative Group over other competitors. It is difficult to develop ethical models for the Cooperative Group in such a limited space without necessarily avoiding any of the logistical or practical implications of such suggestions or ideas. How ever, it must be noted that the idea as outlined above is likely to be a particularly problematic system to set up in the first instance, particularly given the large volume of stock which the Group carries. However, there is a precedent for such a suggestion, with food wholesaler SUMA selling only products which have met its ethical standards, be it fair trade or global warming. Indeed the SUMA model has been so successful that they have been nominated for food wholesaler of the year and employer of the year at The Grocer awards two years running. Indeed SUMA is similar in more ways than one as the wholesaler sources its own products such as lentils and grains but also deals with other products by companies such as Bottle Green or Fentimans, whose ethical virtues can be readily and well established. Indeed SUMA often supplies certain parts of some Cooperative Groups with products, particularly in the areas around its central operations in Yorkshire. However, it must be ack nowledged that the Cooperative Group would have a significantly more complex task as it is not surprising that many companies which do not operate ethically are reluctant to disclose any information on the way they source or manufacture products. Therefore there would have to be a lot of work put in to researching the ethical credentials of certain products. There would also likely be considerable problems as to where one draws the line. For example if the debate moved on from only sourcing products which were transported by boat rather than plane and a technical hitch meant that certain products had to be transported on planes would the Group refuse to sell them and if not why not? However, it should not be ignored that there is a very real case to be made for the removal of all products which directly contradicts the Groups own ethical stance on key products such as coffee and chocolate. Certainly there is also an undeniable call for the Group to remove advertising and pro motions from its stores for products which do not meet its own criteria. Such a space could be used to promote the Groups own products or to highlight some of the key issues for which the Group retains a strong opinion. We can therefore conclude by saying that the Cooperative Group should once again be praised for the ethical position which it has taken on key issues. However, there is always room for improvement in such organisations and, with the inconsistencies observed by this discussion it should be more than possible for the Group to continue to improve. It has been acknowledged earlier that the major focus of this particularly discussion has been on the Groups grocery stores rather than the banking sector or other sectors. This is because it is this particular area of the Group which is perhaps most immediately felt by most people. This is particularly true given the rise of ethical consumerism Therefore the Group should seek to further develop its ethical model to cover all of its products irrespective of their brand or origin in a similar way to wholesalers such as SUMA. References/Bibliography Bevins, Vincent. Guardian survey reveals shoppers green concerns. The Guardian London: The Guardian, 2010. Cooperative Group. Ethical Trading and Fairtrade. Manchester: Cooperative Group, 2010. Dunkley, Graham. Free Trade: Myths, Reality and Alternative. London: Zed Books, 2004. Giddens, Antony. Runaway World: How Globalisation is Shaping Our Lives. London: Profile Books, 2002. Guardian, The. Consumer attitudes and perceptions on sustainability. The Guardian Sustainable Business (2010): Klein, Naomi. No Logo. London: Fourth Estate, 2010. Stiglitz, Joseph. Globalisation and its Discontents. London: Penguin, 2002. Stiglitz, Joseph. Making Globalisation Work. London: Penguin, 2007. SUMA. SUMA nominated again!. Leeds: SUMA, 2010.

Examples Of The Butterfly Theory In Brave New World

Brave New World demonstrates the chaos theory very well, and more specifically the butterfly effect. The theory basically says that small changes have the potential to have monumental effects. In 1890, while working with the three body problem, Henri Poincarà © described dependance on initial conditions. Shortly after in 1898, Jacques Hadamard noted the general divergence of trajectories in spaces of negative curvature. These are earlier, more generalized forms of the butterfly effect. Brave New World was written in 1931, which is not long after the concept started gaining more attention. Huxley came from a family of intellectuals, therefore it is likely that he had heard of butterfly effect before. Page 24 in Brave New World tells the†¦show more content†¦To elaborate, the pilot’s death caused Ralph to become leader, the littlun, Simon and Piggy to die. Also the fire being left to burn out by the hunters could demonstrate the butterfly effect. If the hunters had no t left the fire unattended it wouldnt have burnt out. This caused them to e stuck on the island longer which allowed jack to become leader. This is part of the reason piggy died and that the boys became svages. This changed the course of the book because it would have prevented Piggy and Simons deaths and prevented the boys from becoming savages. In addition to these examples, Piggy’s glasses being stolen had large consequences. When Jack ordered the hunters to steal the glasses it set Piggy’s death and the manhunt for Ralph in motion. Lord of the Flies demonstrates the butterfly effect in the multitude of ways explained. Fractals are never ending patterns that are self-similar. This concept dates way back, but the mathematical roots of itt date back to the 17th century. Recursion was studied in the 17th century, and in the 19th century continuous but not differentiable functions were studied. In the early 1900’s, Helge von Koch gave a more geometric definition of fractals called the Koch snowflake. Later in 1915, WacÅ‚aw SierpiÅ„ski constructed his famous triangle. In a nonmathematical sense fractals are never ending self similar patterns, in Brave New World there are plenty examplesShow MoreRelatedIs it Necessary to Imitate Others to become Original and Creative?1116 Words   |  5 Pagesmake them trendy, prominent, etc. However, you don’t have to follow someone’s footsteps to become an unique individual, but to be yourself. People have become successful by coming up with their own theories, rules, and ideas. Such as Isaac Newton and his Three Laws of Motion, or Albert E instein and his Theory of Relativity along with his equation E=mc2. While some people are seeing that hiding under someone’s shadow will help them become creative and original in a way, others have chosen their own pathRead MoreUsing Systems Theory And The Human Social System2276 Words   |  10 PagesUsing Systems Theory to Understand How Sun Tzu Predictably Turned Concubines into Soldiers in Ancient China; and How Chaos Theory Explains Why Systems Are Ultimately Unpredictable Even When They Are Otherwise Understood The Facts In each nation and in each locale inside of that nation, people in general policymaking and authoritative systems are diverse (Shafritz and Borick 2011). On the other hand, they are likewise the same in that every policymaking system offer normal components (Shafritz andRead MoreReview of The Drunkards Walk - How Randomness Rules Our Lives by Mlodinow 3440 Words   |  14 PagesThe grand duke of Tuscanys problem: what is the probability of obtaining 10 when you throw three dice? What about 9? 2. 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Trends And Implications Of Human Resource Management

I. Trends and Implications Today’s organizational leaders are facing accelerating rates of volatility, uncertainty, complexity and ambiguity, all of which are showing no signs of slowing down. Whether it is the continuing digital revolution or expanding global markets, our current environment requires a constant state of innovation. For companies to continue succeeding, next generation leaders must be able to handle any curve ball thrown their way. Leading through this new business environment requires the capability to sense and respond to changes in the business environment with actions that are focused, fast, and flexible. The next generation of Human Resource Managers will have to be agile and well coordinated for quick change. This means the days of lifetime employment and seniority-based systems are largely over as companies move toward models of contingent work, independent contracting, and more free- market arrangements (Losey et.al., 2005). Large group of experi enced, highly skilled, workers are leaving employment and are looking for alternative employment. The shift in how organizations can effectively function in the changing world of work is a hot topic within the field of human resource management. Society is rapidly shifting to an information age and the challenges that come about with such a change (Al-Hawamdeh Hart, 2001; Burch, 2005; Castells, 1996; Elliot Jacobson, 2002). Changing demographics is one of the strategic steps that those in theShow MoreRelatedTrends And Implications Of Human Resource Management889 Words   |  4 PagesTrends and Implications Today’s organizational leaders are facing accelerating rates of volatility, uncertainty, complexity and ambiguity, all of which are showing no signs of slowing down. Whether it is the continuing digital revolution or expanding global markets, our current environment requires a constant state of innovation. 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The mobility in human resource trend is emerging within the competitive market that requires more strategic role on account of human resource management. Organizations may fall in dire consequences of outplaying by other competitors in strategic employment. Nowadays, workforce is no longer a set of employees (Narasimhan, 2004). It isRead Moreemerging trends in hrm2115 Words   |  9 PagesEmerging trends in Human Resources Management Robert c. myrtle, dpa Director, executive master of leadership Professor of public administration, and Professor of gerontology Emerging Trends in Human Resources Management (HRM) Session Outcomes: †¢ Discover the global trends affecting human resources management, †¢ Describe the impact these trends are having on organizations and the management of human resources, †¢ Develop an appreciation of the changing role of human resources managementRead MoreCurrent Trends in Education1626 Words   |  7 PagesRunning head: CURRENT TRENDS IN EDUCATION Current Trends in Education Current Trends in Education The trends in human resource management and its implications for education are altering. Several trends are innovative and are a result of the economy, while others are escalating as a result of new regulations, new types of degrees and education, and the type of people employed. 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Culture, Language, Ability Diversity - 924 Words

Journal Topic: Culture, Language, Ability Diversity There are many different things that you can get from observations. The purpose of observation is to understand the child and their developmental progress. You are able to observe all developmental domains in the classroom. You can observe physical development from fine motor to gross motor activities. You can also see the interactions with peers and adults as well as their interactions with their classroom materials and environment. These interactions allow us to watch the child’s communication, explorations, problem solving, movement and coordination as well as their feelings about self, and personal connections. This can help us see how they establish relationships with peers and adults also. You are able to learn about their personalities, temperaments, interests, dislikes, strengths and challenges. We are also able to see what types of skills the child needs to practice. While observing, you need to be objective, not subjective. Remember to work with the students as well as record data. Observing is a great way to understand the way the children learn, play and develop. From our reading, I have learned great strategies and tools. One thing I read is that â€Å"culture is learned.† The children we teach have learned their cultures through traditions and their families. We can understand these cultures through our students. WE are able to observe the children in order to promote their development. Observations help usShow MoreRelated Bilingual Ed Essays1070 Words   |  5 PagesBilingual Ed BILINGUAL EDUCATION IS BENEFICIAL TO STUDENTS ABILITIES TO ASSIMILATE IN THE MAINSTREAM CULTURE English only--sink or swim? Yeah right! Instead of English Only Advocates worrying about bilingual education cost in our school system, why not take advantage of the skills our ethnic minorities possess to move our economy forward? 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Psychology Healing and Spiritual Development

Question: Discuss about thePsychologyfor Healing and Spiritual Development. Answer: Introduction Though mindfulness has been applied for many centuries in healing and spiritual development. It use and study gained more significant recently in attempt to try and treat mental health counseling. Based on Goodman Calderon (2012) article mindfulness practice has had impressive outcomes such as reduced anxiety, depression, stress and increased compassion. Hence, its potential of being combined with other alternative counseling protocols and preventive remedial counseling. It is therefore advisable for counselors to focus on using the mindfulness practice as part of their practice when treating patients suffering from traumatic conditions. Based on the discussion provided in the article perhaps it would be vital to elaborate more on mindfulness and its significance. Goodman Calderon (2012) argue that mindfulness involves attention and awareness of present moment and also nonjudgmental acceptance. Therefore, when counselors apply this practice they should be aware of the present involvement which includes observing sensations, feelings and thought of traumatic patients through creating focus on their current movement. Additionally, when attending the mindfulness sessions it entails acceptance or the willingness to experience arrays of emotions without any judgment (Ivtzan Lomas, 2016). Thus, the recommendation by the article that regular mindfulness practice increases the viability to greater present centered awareness, thus this reduces distressing cognitive and emotional states which relate to trauma related triggers. Mindfulness also bares it significance when used in patients who suffer from trauma. Based on the example case provided in the article awareness and acceptance of trauma feelings serves as an indirect mechanism which deals with cognitive exposure. Thus, this tends to be valuable for patients with traumatic conditions as it decreases their experiential avoidance and escalates their levels of emotion regulation. Additionally, regular mindfulness practice is also purported to decrease the levels of physiological arousal (Murata-Soraci, 2014). The combination of mindfulness with other skills it also perceived to develop regulation in emotions which supports treatment and understanding of traumatic and its neuropsychological outcomes. Hence, to counselor mindfulness tends to customize their practice and address their new knowledge which leads to effectiveness. Therefore, it could be advisable for clinics to apply the mindfulness settings as a practice as it reduces stress and assists in c oping skills which include counseling outreach, prevention initiatives and psych-educational workshops. It is also recommended that there should be customization of mindfulness intervention to each client. For instance, for a trauma patient counseling it assists them in regaining sense of control which is critical, thus any intervention should have such a goal in mind (McCown, 2013). Interventions using mindfulness practice should also be culturally congruent ensuring that it makes sense in regards to client world overview, thus this draws strengths and cultural way in healing. Additionally, counselor educators can use the information gained based on their practice to train other counselor based on the mindfulness verge. Thus, this could have a critical role in the promotion of mindfulness as a treatment practice for patients suffering from traumatic conditions. Lastly, the authors of the article conclude that there is need of carrying out more research on mindfulness as it could play a significant role in trauma counseling. It could also help in understanding how stress levels and other traumatic conditions could be reduced. References Goodman, D., Calderon M. (2012). The use of mindfulness in trauma counseling. Ivtzan, I., Lomas, T. (2016).Mindfulness in positive psychology: The science of meditationand wellbeing. Murata-Soraci, K. (2014).Psychology of mindfulness. McCown, D. (2013).The ethical space of mindfulness in clinical practice: An explanatory essay. London: Jessica Kingsley Publishers.

Linkin Park A Thousand Suns free essay sample

With the release of its latest album, â€Å"A Thousand Suns,† it is clear that Linkin Park needs to return to its roots. The bands first two albums, â€Å"Hybrid Theory† and â€Å"Meteora,† featured a blend of rap, nu-metal, and alternative metal. The â€Å"hybrid theory† the band referred to was their fusion of rap and rock. Unfortunately, only three songs on â€Å"A Thousand Suns† include rapping from front man Mike Shinoda, and only two feature screaming from Chester Bennington, both staples on the first two records. Starting with its third album, â€Å"Minutes to Midnight,† and continuing with this one, Linkin Park has tried to diversify, but it has taken it a bit too far. Although I cant say every track is terrible on â€Å"A Thousand Suns,† I do believe the group is losing its edge. â€Å"A Thousand Suns† is a concept album, a first for Linkin Park, and I give the group credit for that, as it displays views on politics that Im sure many would agree with. We will write a custom essay sample on Linkin Park: A Thousand Suns or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Some songs even feature speeches by American political figures. The new direction of the album is also reflected in its styles of music. The hard rap, metal, and rock the band became famous for has nearly disappeared, with many of the these songs going for either a softer, melodic feel or a techno/pop vibe. Both Shinoda and Bennington sing – as seen in the first single, â€Å"The Catalyst† – but sadly they use tuners on their voices. The band has gone in a new direction, using electric drumbeats and incorporating more piano. At some points its hard to tell you are even listening to Linkin Park. In my opinion, the new techno/pop vibe is not good; â€Å"The Catalyst† is repetitive and boring, and most of the songs dont fit the sound the group is known for. The softer singing really brings down the energy level that gave Linkin Park its following. But not everything is awful, Two tracks – â€Å"Blackout† and â€Å"Wretches and Kings† – show flashes of the old group. Additionally, â€Å"Waiting for the End,† a reggae-style song, and â€Å"When They Come for Me,† one of the songs featuring rapping, are a surprisingly enjoyable change from the bands usual sound. Sadly, if these songs had been on the earlier releases by Linkin Park, they might have been considered inferior. It is understandable that the band is trying to broaden its horizons (lyrics from â€Å"When They Come for Me† state â€Å"Once you have the theory of how the thing works, everybody wants the next thing to be just like the first†), but I believe a return to its roots would be a wise move for Linkin Parks next project.